It’s pretty easy to argue that it’s not the save/reload cycle that’s the problem here–it’s the fact that there are random things that happen (no matter what you do) only a small percentage of the time. Randomness works well in situations where there are enough events for the distribution to do its work–for example, the amount of damage you do when using a certain attack can have a certain amount of randomness. This allows you to pursue different tactics based on risk vs. reward. But when events which you have *no control over* are highly random, it’s a problem.

So, the problem here is not that it’s easy to save and reload. The problem is that save and reload is the only way you can improve your chances of getting that treasure. A non-computer game approach to the same problem can be seen in the rolling rules of the d20 system: in situations where there’s no real danger or distraction, you can choose to take an average result instead of rolling a d20 to use a skill. In situations where there’s no penalty for failure, you can choose to take extra time and take the best possible result when using a skill. The rules that explicitly allow this are a really great design addition to the game system–because they codify the knowledge that when there’s no risk (or minimal risk) and a high reward, there’s no reason for people to avoid repeated attempts. And, more importantly, they codify the knowledge that repeated attempts are *not fun*.

So, I’d say that this same kind of thinking should apply to video games: the right solution to “people will just try to do this random thing over and over again until they get it–using saved games” is not to make it harder to save and restore. It’s also not to make it easy to save and restore and assume they’ll make use of that feature until they succeed. The solution is, rather, to remove the randomness. Make it a game of skill (which an unskilled player might game using save/restore, but which more players will choose to do “right”.) Even better, make it a game of skill in which failure *doesn’t* lock you out–unless the reward is minor enough to not be a neccessity. Or make it the reward for solving a puzzle. Now nobody has a good reason to save/restore just to get a treasure–and the game is more fun both for the players who improve their skill and get the item right away, and for the players who try several times to get the reward.

And both types of players, of course, benefit from not having saving and reloading be a hassle.

That being said, there are times when instant and unlimited reloading would be a very bad thing.

First, I should draw attention to a whole generation of games that were implemented with the classic save/load paradigm, but now can be played with instant state saves and reloads. Namely, the computer emulation of console games. This added functionality changes the gameplay of these games. In some, instead of having to carefully think and anticipate the next step, a player can simply try recklessly at each step until they succeed. In other games, events that were supposed to be rare can be manipulated into being regular. Imagine the concequences for a simple game of soccer. The player saves, shoots at the goal, and it is blocked. Reloads their game, shoots, misses, reloads shoots, scores! The repeated reload feature makes the game trivial. It’s like a game where the goal is to turn it on. You start up the game and it’s over. Or if you still wanted to watch the game why not include a button that makes the game play itself? You can press it, and two hours later you’ve won. Oh wait, they have these. They’re called movies. It sounds to me like some of the folks who have posted above should go out and rent one. Not only can you easily pause this medium, you can also rewind it to any point at any time.

Now, don’t get me wrong. In games that are essentially interactive movies this would be an excellent feature. You could watch the parts you want when you want. But it wouldn’t be challenging.

What it seems to boil down to is a disagreement on what level of challenge is desirable in a game. Reading the previous posts suggests that some of the folks here do not particularly enjoy arcade games. That’s fine. And I agree that most games should, when possible, have a difficulty setting that allowers the user to pick a challenge that they find comfortable. But arcade games are almost universally endurance runs. Tetris, Raiden, and Bubble Bauble come to mind. If you could pause or reload Tetris as each block fell the game would get very boring very quickly because there wouldn’t be any challenge to it.

I most wholeheartedly agree with Tim Maly that games should not include obstacles that are simply obtuce, and that games should be designed entirely around entertainment. Blanking out the screen probably isn’t an obstacle people will feel a desire to overcome. However Tetris is a shining example of how having to think *faster* is an obstacle that makes the game enjoyable.

Games that impede your progress until you achieve a particularly high mastery aren’t good games. Well designed games allow you to play or replay the parts you enjoy until you are satisfied with the results. Rewarding success makes players happy. Punishing failures makes them unhappy.

An always available save/resume function is brilliant. You can leave a game and come back to it whenever you need to. A function that allows you to repeatedly reload your game is different. Appart from significatly changing gameplay it would also remain an easy, readily avaiable shortcut. From experience in computer emulated console games, it becomes difficult to avoid its use. If the game hardware was built with this feature, you should also expect new games to reflect it. A helpful example here is a game called Disgaea. This game has a very fast reboot/reload from save sequence, and allows you to save quite frequently. In Disgaea you can find a treasure at the end of a level about 5% of the time. Now the game almost “expects” you to save and run the last part of that level 20 times until you find the treasure. While the rest of the game is great, that repeated reloading is extremely unpleasant. Just having the reload feature there would change game design, and not necessarily in a good way.

I know this is getting a little phillosophical, but why do people play games? As mentioned before, entertainment. And some people find a challenge entertaining. Others would like to just observe and interact. Personally, I enjoy games that provide an adequate challenge. That’s because when the game’s over and the power’s off, the only thing that has changed is me. My ability to think and solve problems, even if only game problems, has improved. That’s all that’s left. Sports are another example where this is the case. Sports are for entertainment too, but the point of being an athelete is to improve yourself – to get better at the game. Both sports and games are an abstract set of rules, and the goal is to succeed within this set of rules. The set of rules makes the game *difficult* to succeed in. Choosing not to follow these rules is called cheating, and that’s what infinite reloads boil down to. It is mangling the existing rules of the game to make it easier to succeed. If a game is too challenging and you have to put it down, fine. Obviously the game wasn’t right for you. Maybe you aren’t a hockey player either. And better games *do* appeal to more people. I am strongly in favor of games being generous. Giving players things rather than taking things away from the player makes it fun. Games *should* be built around fun, built to be entertaining.

Here is a list of other ways to make a game more challenging:
-Periodically blank out the screen and let the players navigate by memory through sections with pits.
-Sometimes the player’s gun jams and they have to play a mini game to unjam it, all the while the zombies are still coming.
-At the beginning of the game, ask the player to make an irrevocable choice between 3 things. At the end of the game, pick between the 3 things. If the game’s choice and the player’s choice coincide, they can win the game, otherwise they must play it from the beginning.
-When a player dies, erase their save game (Kudos to Steel Battalion for actually doing this).
-Randomly change the controls so that sometimes up is down and down is up. Do this with no warning.

All of these are things that you could do as a designer but that as a good designer you SHOULD NOT DO. The rule of thumb for game ‘features’ like save points should not be “does it make the game harder?” it should be “does it make the game more entertaining?” Having to play the same section of the game over and over again does not make the game more entertaining. It does make it harder.

If you are a designer and you *really* want to impliment your insane sadistic vision of hundreds of gamers fighting the same group of enemies over and over again, have a ‘harcore’ difficulty setting with no save points at all or some junk. Do what you like with them, just leave me out of it. Then they can say “I beat Ninja Gaiden on Hardcore” and I can say “I enjoyed playing Ninja Gaiden” and everyone will be happy and will continue to buy your products.

PS: Robert, there are unofficial instructions available that tell you how to impliment quicksave in Far Cry. It makes the game a whole lot more fun.

Groby: You are reminding me that I need to write a semi-rant specifically on the issue of “boss monsters”, climaxes, and the lack of adequate denouement in videogame narratives.

hardwick: Look, you, I included the phrase “morally disordered” specifically to pander to you, so stop complaining.

ben: I see where you’re coming from, but I still think this is the tail wagging the dog. All of the discussion of challenge, the risk of (as Brian Hook calls it) “creepsaving” is true, but are ex-post facto justifications for an implementation that is driven completely by laziness on the part of the developer. This is one reason I think we should take suspend/resume functionality, at least, out of the hands of the developer.

Tilt: Metroid is indeed one of the games I gave up on because of the save point bogosity.

Joel: Hi. Yeah, I’m an old time Nethack (hack 1.0.3, actually) addict. I’d like to see a modern console game incorporate the ‘bones’ idea. I think it’s great.

If the other camp wants to be stupid and wierd, that’s their own business. I see no reason to pander to them.

According to dictionary.com: “game: (1) An activity providing entertainment or amusement; a pastime”

If certain game designers would stop thinking “je suis un artiste!” and instead concentrated on how to provide entertainment, we wouldn’t be having this discussion.

And suspend to disk is not enough. I *need* to save at any given point and maybe retry from there because game designers sometimes tend to think that they can substitute bad gameplay with overwhelming enemy power. “Boss Monsters” are one of the most annoying things games have – and if I get close to beating the boss, I sure want to save, just in case.

Not to mention the notorious instability of games. Want an example: “FarCry” crashes about every 10 minutes, and has save points about 12 minutes apart. I’m ready to throw it in the trash. If I could just save from time to time, I’d probably still keep playing it, since it’s fun enough when it doesn’t crash.

And just because teens might have more tolerance for repetitive tasks doesn’t mean we have to force it on them, do we? The point is that the gamer KNOWS BETTER how he wants to play the game than the designer. Once people get that, games will get better.

I do agree that having to wait 15 minutes to save is too long. In many games, a good compromise – if one is needed – is to allow save + reload in any non-combat situation, plus incremental auto-saves as you go along for the event of power outages, etc.

Perhaps a game should be labelled with the same/resume functionality on the packaging so that people are more able to buy the type of game that suits them. Adults often have very different time management priorities and repetitive task tolerance levels to teenagers, so I think different people require different mechanisms.

Er, oops.

So, yeah, I confess I could care less about making the save point guys happy. They’re insane. They should not be coddled or mollified. It’s the 21st century and storage is cheap.

When I play CRPGs, I swap between two save games for fault redundancy, but I resist the urge to keep a big tree of saves from back before every dialogue decision. I want the game to have a feeling of irrevocable consequence. On the other hand, when playing Thief, I save after every blackjacking. And I never finished Metroid because the final boss was incredibly difficult, and there was no way to even save just before fighting him. I got better things to do with my time, and — as peterb ably points out — I know how to manage my happiness.

(Oh and by the way, hi, I don’t think I know you, but I live in Pgh and went to CMU and know a bunch of the same people.)